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Chemical Trade - The Backbone of Agricultural Development
Over long time, human meals and clothing depended mainly on agriculture. While ever since the historic time, agriculture had always relied on numerous human labor, which was subject to various kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. During the 19th century, the use of agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. Nevertheless, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really increased the agricultural output in per unit area.
Apply shows that, amongst all the measures to increase the agricultural production, the role performed by chemical fertilizers is forty% to sixty five%. On the idea of the booming within the petrochemical trade, synthetic ammonia and urea have realized massive-scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a large proportion in the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer on the planet amounted to approximately one hundred forty million ton, which made it grow to be one of the bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and trace parts fertilizer has further meet the calls for of different soil buildings and completely different crops.
In the early period, folks used natural animals, plants and minerals to forestall and deal with crop pests and diseases. Until the late 19th century, after the formation of recent chemical business, folks began to use arsenic preparation to kill beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux combination to forestall and treat downy mildew on grapes, so that agriculture started a new period of chemical prevention and treatment. In the course of the Nineteen Forties, loads of pesticides and herbicides, reminiscent of natural chlorine, natural phosphorus, have been produced and widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. However, some of the pesticides during this period had been rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological air pollution, so they had been banned by many countries.
In recent years, a number of environment friendly, low-residue, low-poisonousity pesticides have been developed, together with pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and will not pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. In consequence, bio-pesticides have turn out to be probably the most active areas in pesticide research currently.
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